Fragrances or essence play an important in rejuvenating the mind and the body. Usage of fragrance has been there for many years but retaining of fragrance was a challenge and due to microencapsulation, it is now possible.
The Microencapsulation, also known as micro-shell, is a complex technique that involves the creation of polymeric shells, whether natural or synthetic, in which particles of active ingredients and scents are stored inside and thus remain and kept protected from the environment
How does it work?
Active core which is enclosed in the capsule releases instantly on the fabric or textile material, when a mechanical movement such as abrasion, deformation, and friction occurs, and ultimately the active agents are released on the skin
Olympus DSX1000 Microscope a Contact Angle Goniometer.
The contact angle is the angle, conventionally measured through the liquid, where a liquid–vapor interface meets a solid surface. A given system of solid, liquid, and vapor at a given temperature and pressure has a unique equilibrium contact angle. The equilibrium contact angle reflects the relative strength of the liquid, solid, and vapour molecular interaction.
Industries that benefit from contact angle measurement
Nanotechnology
Semiconductors
Textile & Fiber
Polymers and Plastics
Insecticides
Oil and Petroleum
Hard Disk Drives
Polymers and Plastics
Young’s equation is used to describe the interplay of the forces of cohesion and adhesion and to calculate surface energy.
A drop with a contact angle greater than 90 degrees is hydrophobic. This situation is characterised by poor wetting, weak adhesiveness, and a low solid surface free energy. A hydrophilic drop has a modest contact angle. This state indicates improved wetting, adhesiveness, and surface energy.
Types of Contact Angle Measurements
Static Contact Angle
This is perhaps the most popular measurement method. A single reading on a static sessile drop soon after it was created. When the three phases of solid, liquid, and gas establish thermodynamic equilibrium, a static contact angle is captured.
The static contact angle gives useful information about the surface’s qualities. The static contact angle can be measured using any ramé-hart equipment.
Contact angle is frequently used to assess cleanliness. Organic pollutants inhibit wetting and increase contact angles on hydrophilic surfaces. Contact angle normally decreases as wetting improves and surface energy increases as a surface is cleansed and treated to eliminate impurities.
Contact angle is frequently used to assess cleanliness. Organic pollutants inhibit wetting and increase contact angles on hydrophilic surfaces. Contact angle normally decreases as wetting improves and surface energy increases as a surface is cleansed and treated to eliminate impurities.
The static contact angle can also be affected by surface roughness. See our September 2010 Newsletter for further information about roughness.
A dynamic contact angle measurement is any contact angle measured on a moving drop. This includes, but is not limited to, tilting plate contact angle measurements, volume addition and subtraction, and time-dependent research.
Time-dependant Dynamic Studies
Researchers frequently monitor the contact angle over time to investigate the effects of absorption, evaporation, and more unusual phenomena such as the Cassie to Wenzel transitional states. Other time-dependent research examine how contact angle changes over time as environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity) change. In some circumstances, the drop is altered by the addition of a chemical that increases or decreases surface tension.
Many scholars have been studying the Cassie and Wenzel states in recent years in order to better comprehend superhydrophobicity. In a Cassie state, a drop lies on top of asperities, with air gaps beneath it, as depicted in the image below.
Tilting Plate Method
The tilting plate method captures the contact angles measurements on both the left and right sides of a sessile drop while the solid surface is being inclined typically from 0° to 90°. As the surface is inclined, gravity causes the contact angle on the downhill side to increase.
OLYMPUS DSX1000 DIGITAL MICROSCOPE EXPLORES CONTACT ANGLE
Investigate the contact angle of a wooden surface with coatings.
The contact angle of water on various coatings was measured using an Olympus DSX1000 microscope tilt frame with a 3x objective.
DSx1000 powerful software allow easy measurement of contact angle and surface roughness. Here we are focusing on contact angle.
Measurement of contact as follows.
We can deduce from the above results that the contact angle values change depending on the coating, which reflects the relative strength of the liquid, solid, and vapour molecular interactions.
We also investigated the contact angle on raw mango wood and the contact angle after coating.
Surface Roughness
Olympus DsX1000 microscope is also capable of measuring surface roughness of wood before and after coating.
Ra and Sa parameters are evaluate from 3d image captured by the microscope.
Please feel free to connect with us to know more and share us your samples
We would extend our thanks to “Mr. Saurabh Kothari” from “Sansui Paints” for his contribution.
Author- Gyanesh Singh Application Specialist at IR Technology Services Pvt. Ltd Passionate about Microscopy for Micro and Nanostructures. Gyanesh has over 10 years of experience in demonstration and serving application of various techniques to potential clients and enjoys learning new sophisticated scientific technology for Material Science and Life Science.
Multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC) is now an established technique for the analysis of complex samples in application areas such as petrochemistry, metabolomics, environmental, and flavor and fragrance science.
The technique uses GC columns connected in series to achieve a complete separation of complex samples using orthogonal column chemistries. These separations are either impossible or very time consuming using a one-dimensional (1D) technique (that is, using only one GC column).
In a situation where the first dimension has a peak capacity of 1000 and the second dimension has 30, the 2D GC×GC system would offer a peak capacity of 1000 × 30 = 30,000. To achieve such peak capacity with a 1D separation, a 2-km GC column would be required (analysis time on the order of 1.5 years)!
Second-dimension columns must achieve separation much faster than their first-dimension counterparts to optimize the “sampling rate” from the first dimension and, therefore, they tend to be short. The length of the first column might typically be 20–30 m, the inner diameter 0.25 mm, and the film thickness 0.25 μm. The second column is typically shorter (1–2 m), the inner diameter is narrower (0.1 mm), and the stationary phase is thinner (0.1 μm), to allow for faster separations. The reduction in internal diameter is used to counterbalance the decreases in efficiency (plate numbers) obtained from shorter columns. It is common to select a nonpolar column for the first-dimension separation and use a more highly polar phase in the second dimension.
The major instrument challenge in multidimensional GC is to achieve efficient “injection” of the effluent of the first dimension into the second. Columns joined in series are the simplest embodiments of multidimensional chromatography; however, the separations produced are limited by carrier-gas velocities because all the solutes transit both columns in a single continuous stream. When working with complex samples, peaks that are well separated by elution from the first column can come back together or might interfere with other peaks as they pass through the second column. Therefore, we need to “trap” or “bunch” discrete fractions from the first column before introduction into the second dimension. This is typically achieved using a “modulator” that is used to transfer effluent from the first-dimension column to the head of the second-dimension column in short repetitive pulses. Modern instruments use two types of modulators: thermal (cryogenic or heated) and valve (time or pressure) modulators. Regardless of the design or principle, the rapid and efficient transfer of discrete fractions from one, many, or all peaks in the first dimension is absolutely critical to maintain the separation quality. There are as many subtle variations in the design and implementation of modulator devices as there are instrument manufacturers; however, there is no doubt that the modulator is the heart of the GC×GC system.
In “heart-cutting” systems, one or several discrete portions of a separation are directed from the first column to the second. Because only a few selected peaks enter the second column at a time, interference from other nearby peaks that precede or follow the heart cut is eliminated, and the second column’s separation becomes largely independent from the first one.
In the much more complex technique of comprehensive multidimensional GC, all of the effluent from the first dimension column is sampled into the second. Correct sample modulation is essential in the comprehensive technique to successfully maintain resolution of all components in both the first and second dimensions. This technique generates huge amounts of data, and complex software is required to reduce the data to a usable form, typically represented via a 2D or 3D plot of the type shown in Figure 1. This 2D contour plot of a separation of light cycle oil uses colors to represent the signal intensity; the x-axis plots the separation in the first dimension (in minutes), and the second-dimension separation is plotted on the y-axis (in seconds).
Multidimensional GC data are primarily used for qualitative analysis. However, quantitative multidimensional analysis is possible.
While multidimensional GC brings many separation benefits, achieving efficient analyte transfer between columns and the complexity of data analysis are potential barriers to more wholesale adoption as a routine analytical technique.
Juice’s popularity continues to rise year after year. Juice has risen to the forefront as a sustainable, vegan, and nutritious beverage option as consumers become more health- and environmentally-conscious. It doesn’t hurt that, as a result of the pandemic, people have shifted to entertaining at home and making their own mixed drinks with juice as mixers. But how does juice fare in terms of nutritional value?
Fruit juice does not always meet all of the nutritional requirements. Some sugary juices are actually losing popularity, as evidenced by PepsiCo’s sale of their Naked and Tropicana holdings. Juices that incorporate vegetables and other nutritional ingredients while maintaining light and fruity flavours are becoming increasingly popular.
Light, dairy-free drinks high in protein have seen a significant increase in demand. For more than just meat substitutes, plant-based proteins are seen as a more sustainable and humane alternative to animal-based proteins. Adding protein to a juice requires much more than simply stating that protein is present.
Measuring the amount of protein in the juice is an important step in the juice-making process. This is a type of quality control and process monitoring, as well as something that is required for nutritional labels and claims. It’s a task made easier by tools like LECO’s FP928 Nitrogen/Protein Analyzer.
This application note explains how the FP928 can quickly and accurately determine the protein content of juice samples.
Automating Better Water: The TGA and Water Treatment. Clean, safe water is essential to life, and the ability to properly process and treat wastewater is critical to environmental preservation. As a result, water treatment plants like Veritas S. p. A (Veneziiana Energia Risorse Idriche Territorio Ambiente e Servizi) are an important part of water infrastructure, and the analytical methods they employ are an important part of water treatment.
Veritas is one of Italy’s largest multi-utility water treatment facilities, performing waste collection and treatment as well as an integrated water cycle. According to international standards, their analysis laboratory monitors the drinking water quality (78 million cubic metres distributed through their water service annually) that runs through their treatment facility. One method is to use thermogravimetric analysis on the sludge residue left over from the water treatment process.
Veritas employs three TGA701s and one TGA801 for this analysis. Each instrument can analyse up to 19 samples at the same time to determine the moisture, ash, and volatile matter of the sludge samples, which are important parameters for calculating process control metrics. This lab’s reference method for determining total solids (TS) in this sludge is: CNR IRSA 2 Q 64 Vol 2 1984 / Newsletter of Analytical Methods IRSA CNR n.2: 2008. Accredia (Accredia – L’Ente Italiano di Accredditamento – the Italian accreditation authority) has approved the adaptation of an automated method to meet the regulations.
By using automated instruments such as the TGA to handle this analysis, Veritas is able to analyze around 6,000 samples annually, improving the precision of the process. Handling errors are reduced, and the automated software controls the software to a higher accuracy than manual testing would have allowed. Automating Better Water: The TGA and Water Treatment
Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100Meta Description: Know all about the benefits of silicon wafer etching technique using Olympus LEXT OLS5100 laser confocal microscope for micro-texturing of the silicon front surface to improve the performance of solar panels, and the potential gains it can offer solar parks across India.
Government initiatives such as the National Solar Mission are clear indicators that the country is prioritizing meeting its energy demands through renewable sources of energy as opposed to the non-renewable counterparts. The Indian Government aims to achieve a total installed solar capacity of 20 GW by 2022. India has set up over 40 major solar plants that generate a whopping 10+ MW of solar energy to keep the nation thriving, Including the World’s Largest Solar Plant namely, Bhadla Solar Park in Rajasthan’s Jodhpur District. The increasing solar strength and opportunities in the country can be depicted by the following infographic. Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100
Silicon based solar cells dominate the current photovoltaic market and are preferred by the solar cell industries. Si substrate is used as material for solar cells and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing .Because of its environment friendliness, , paramount availability in abundance after oxygen ,high temperature, minimal price, limited current leakage, stability and also low and high power handling capacity. Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100
Silicon wafer etching is a process to improve light trapping by modifying surface reflectivity of silicon wafer and use it for solar panel manufacturing. This process is called Micro-texturing of the silicon front surface. An alkaline solution is used for the etching process,which is also widely used to form micro-sized pyramidal structures on the silicon surface. Measurement of surface roughness and surface area become important parameters as they increase with increase in etching time depending on the process. So these parameters help us to understand and optimise process required to get desired etching. Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100
To measure height of pyramids by Conventional techniques like SEM we need to cut samples to see the cross section which makes the process tedious and is not cost effective.
To overcome this we are introducing an easy yet sophisticated solution to the aforesaid problem using Olympus OLS5100 laser Confocal Microscope. Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100
Benefits of Using Laser Microscope for measuring the height of pyramids in textured silicon substrate during the Silicon Wafer Etching process.
Submicron Level 3D Observation & Measurement: The LEXT OLS5100 confocal laser microscope enables users to observe submicron unevenness and measure it accurately, giving the end user a closer look of the silicon wafer’s texture.
Surface Roughness Measurement: This device allows ISO compliant level measurement of the silicon wafer’s surface roughness. The user can go to arial from line profile enabling a new standard of roughness measurement.
Speedy: This is a non-contact, non-destructive technique of measurement which requires no processing. You can start to measure from the moment you put your sample under the lens.
Functional Capabilities of Laser Scanning Microscope (Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100)
Etched Silicon Wafer Image @ 2000x Zoom
Olympus OLS5100 captures height of individual peak using profile line and maximum peak for specific region as Sp value other important parameters to understand surface texture are surface roughness, surface area and volume of pyramid .There is need to destroy sample and it’s also non-contact so no contamination is induced during analysis. Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100
Measurement of Height (Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100)
Measurement of Volume
Olympus OLS5100 laser confocal Microscope provides us Volume and surface area for peak and valley. An ideal silicon wafer will have a homogeneous peak in height and volume and no blank zone as a valley.We can measure the volume of peaks separately to understand individual peak volume and its average so that we can optimize the etching process to achieve homogeneous peaks. Volume of the valley can also be measured as a separate value so that one can understand the process where you have a minimum black zone as a valley. White region in any laser image is a blank undesired region. Similarly, we have surface area to guide us for optimization on the etching process for desired peak and reduced blank zone as valley. Silicon Wafer Etching using Olympus LEXT OLS5100
Where Spd represents the density of peaks per unit area. Spc represents the arithmetic mean of principal curvature of the peak of surface.
Std This parameter indicates the direction angle of the texture. Therefore, we understand that pyramid like structure in given silicon wafer has angle of 99.6 deg
The PSD parameter helps us to understand the periodicity of the pyramid.
The LEXT OLS5100 Microscope’s Smart Experiment Manager.
Helps make your experiment workflow simpler by automating time-consuming tasks.
Automatically creates your experiment plan
Auto populates data to your experiment plan matrix, reducing the chance of input errors
Clear data trend visualization tools
Olympus OLS5100 laser confocal microscope automatically captures multiple regions on silicon wafer and helps us understand how surface area and surface roughness is changing . It eases the analysis process as it populates all data on one sheet as a head map which eliminates the need to open files individually.
Author- Gyanesh Singh Application Specialist at IR Technology Services Pvt. Ltd Passionate about Microscopy for Micro and Nanostructures. Gyanesh has over 10 years of experience in demonstration and serving application of various techniques to potential clients and enjoys learning new sophisticated scientific technology for Material Science and Life Science.
How to choose the right Industrial Microscope. Every business and industry has its unique requirements when it comes to microscopes. They expect high flexibility and operational readiness. An ideal microscopic solution should provide improved resolution and sample contrast. The industry demands a holistic overview of the type of sample under observation and its features like macro observation, micro observation, 3D height observation, or a combination of all. Industrial Microscopes come in many options. So, we have listed down the latest solutions available for each type of microscope to help you access what is best for your business application.
Laser Confocal Microscopes (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
Olympus LEXT OLS5100 combines exceptional accuracy and optical performance with smart tools that make the system easy to use. The tasks of precisely measuring shape and surface roughness at the submicron level are fast and efficient, simplifying your workflow and delivering high-quality data you can trust. It has two optical systems, color imaging and laser confocal, that enables the observer to gather information on sample color and shape in the form of high-definition images. The color imaging optics acquires information using a white-light LED light source and a CMOS image sensor while the laser confocal optics acquire confocal images using a 405 nm laser diode light source and a high-sensitivity photomultiplier.
The shallow depth of focus enables it to measure the surface irregularities of the sample. The Olympus LEXT OLS5100 is an exceptional laser confocal device that uses a non-destructive observation method. It does not require any sample preparation— all you need to do is place the sample on the stage and it’s ready to measure. Ready to measure. (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
Digital Microscopes
The DSX1000 Digital Microscope is the first of its kind with the possibility of observing macro, micro, and 3D features of a sample from 20x to 7000x magnification. It comes with 17 objective lenses, including super long working distance and high numerical aperture options, which provide the flexibility to obtain a wide range of images. The eucentric optical design maintains a good visual field when tilted or when the stage is rotated, enabling you to observe your sample from all possible angles. It displays sample images captured with 6 different observation methods with a single click. Olympus DSX 1000 is an ideal solution for Education, research, forensics, electronics, quality control, metal fabrication, automotive, etc. Packed with a telecentric optical system the DSX1000 guarantees accuracy and repeatability.
Stereo Zoom Microscope (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
This type of microscope is ideal for viewing large specimens. Stereo Zoom Microscopes provide the observer with an upright view of the subject as a stereoscopic 3D picture versus a 2D flat image view by compound microscope. They are the choice of microscope for applications such as circuit board repair, circuit board inspection, surface mount technology work, electronics inspection, coin collecting, gemology and gemstone setting, engraving, repair & inspection of small parts, and detecting manufacturing or production flaws in quality control units of various industries. Olympus SZ61/SZ51 is a reliable stereo zoom microscope if you are looking for consistently accurate results from your observations. (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
Light Microscope
If your study involves observing fine objects in great detail, a light microscope might just be the tool for you. Light microscopes aided by visible light can detect, magnify and enlarge your specimen to fit your observation needs. They use a series of glass lenses to aim a light beam through the subject and then through convex objective lenses to produce an enlarged view. Olympus Light Microscopes are available in the Upright, Inverted, and Modular version, and are ideal for integration with advanced inspection systems providing versatility for a variety of materials science and industrial applications. (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
Measuring Microscope (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
Industrial measuring microscopes combine sophisticated optics with a table that enables precise movements to measure targets. Their functional diversity allows them to meet high precision inspection needs. So if you are looking to gather high-performance readings of complex samples, choose a measuring microscope. They provide reliable, accurate, and repeatable measurements on the three axes. Therefore their primary applications include quality control and assembly. Check out the Olympus STM7 for versatility in application and high performance. It is a user-friendly device with high-precision and allows 3-Axis Measurement.
As the name describes Semiconductor & Flat Panel Display Inspection Microscopes provide high-quality observations for large-sized samples, up to 300 mm wafers, flat panel displays, printed circuit boards, etc. Olympus MX63/MX63L and AL120 are the industry-leading models for these inspection microscopes. (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
Cleanliness Inspector (How to choose the right Industrial Microscope)
The practical application of particle size and distribution can directly impact the efficiency, lifespan, and dependability of many manufactured products. Therefore, it is essential to have a reliable solution for particle counting, sizing, and classification. Olympus CIX100 is the most sought after inspection system for manufacturers who maintain high standards for cleanliness of the components they manufacture. It can acquire, process, and document technical cleanliness inspection data in a matter of a few minutes. It has an intuitive software which guides the users step by step through the process, enabling novice operators to acquire cleanliness data with ease.
Industrial microscopes have various applications in major industries like electronics, metals, academic research, glass and ceramics, environment, mining, geology, and others. So it is important to map the functionality of each type to the requirements of your applications. Similar to any industry, the key to making the right decision with microscopy is having the right device for the task at hand. Consider, what you want to observe, what is the nature of your subject, does the subject allow light to pass through and the objective of the observation. This will help you narrow down your search from Industrial Microscopes to Compound/Stereo microscope and further into any type of niche microscopy.
Author- Gyanesh Singh Application Specialist at IR Technology Services Pvt. Ltd Passionate about Microscopy for Micro and Nanostructures. Gyanesh has over 10 years of experience in demonstration and serving application of various techniques to potential clients and enjoys learning new sophisticated scientific technology for Material Science and Life Science.
Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond with Olympus DSX1000 & OLS5100 Microscopes
Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamonds. Diamonds are among nature’s most precious and beautiful creations. Diamond is much more than the world’s most popular gemstone and the most rigid natural material. But with the glamour comes a few flaws that might result in losing its shine. To maintain the standard quality, it becomes essential to understand the properties, defects and learn about the highly advanced technological solutions to measure them.
Diamond is a solid form of carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. At room temperature and pressure, another solid form of carbon known as graphite is the chemically stable carbon form, but diamond seldom converts.
It has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any natural material, properties utilized in major industrial applications such as cutting and polishing tools. Rough diamonds are mined and converted into gems through a multi-step process known as “cutting”. Diamonds are rigid but also brittle and can be split up by a single blow. Therefore, diamond cutting is traditionally considered a delicate procedure requiring skills, scientific knowledge, tools and experience. Its final goal is to produce a faceted jewel where the specific angles between the facets would optimize the diamond luster, that is, dispersion of white light. In contrast, the number and area of facets would determine the weight of the final product. (Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)
(Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)Some of them may be considered classical, such as round, pear, marquise, oval, hearts and arrows, diamonds, etc. The diamond price depends on cut, color, clarity, and karat. There are certain American certification agencies where the quality of the diamond is certified.
The imperfections in diamonds can be classified as External and Internal Flaw, which can be explained as follows:(Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)Some of them may be considered classical, such as round, pear, marquise, oval, hearts and arrows, diamonds, etc. The diamond price depends on cut, color, clarity, and karat. There are certain American certification agencies where the quality of the diamond is certified. The imperfections in diamonds can be classified as External and Internal Flaw, which can be explained as follows:
External Flaws:
Blemishes: These diamond flaws are present on the surface of a stone and can occur naturally
Scratches: These are fine lines found on the surface of the diamond. They may have been present naturally or caused when a diamond was cut.
Extra facets: These are usually cut to remove blemishes or undoubtedly close to surface inclusions on diamonds. At times these different facets are also cut to enhance the brilliance of the diamond.
Fracture: A breakage in diamonds that is not parallel to the cleavage plane is a fracture. Fractures are usually irregular in shape, making a diamond look chipped (Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond).
Fingerprints: Fingerprint inclusions in the shape of fingerprints can sometimes be found in diamonds. However, such inclusions are rare in diamonds as compared to other stones, such as rubies.
Pits: Small holes may be present on the surface of a diamond. These pits are usually not visible to the naked eye.
Nicks: Diamonds are also chipped at places, causing the appearance of nicks. It is often repaired by adding extra facets.
Internal Flaws:
Crystal/mineral inclusions: Some diamonds show the presence of tiny crystals, minerals or other diamonds.
Pinpoint inclusions: As the name implies, these inclusions are minute crystals, usually white, present inside the diamond.
Needles: Diamond crystals in a diamond can also be present in the form of long and thin needles. These may not be visible to the naked eye. (Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)
Cloud: The presence of three or more pinpoint inclusions close together can create a haze area, or a cloud, in the diamond.
Knots: When diamond crystals extend to the surface of the diamond, they are referred to as knots. These can be viewed under proper lighting conditions with a diamond loupe.
Graining: Crystal inclusions in diamonds occur in the form of lines known as graining. Graining should not be confused with rough diamonds natural grain lines.
Hence to determine the defects and attain superior quality control, we can switch to technologically advanced solutions like The Olympus DSX1000 & The Laser Microscope OLS5100, which have proven excellent performance. For a better understanding, let’s study some of the results obtained through this equipment. (Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)
Ø The Olympus DSX1000 Microscope captures such flows from BF observation, Oblique mode, DIC with contrast enhancement. The below images represent snaps of diamond in different image types like Colour Snap, Extended Height.
IMAGE FROM MICROSCOPE
The below images show the SCRATCHES on the surface of diamond with different observation modes like OBQ and DIC at other objectives.
1. BF + contrast with SXLOB3X Objective
2. DIC Observation with SXLOB3X Objective
3. OBQ Observation with SXLOB3X Objective
4. DIC Observation with SXLOB3X Objective
5. DIC Observation with APO50x Objective
6. The flat surface in DIC (Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)
7. Mag-1750X, DIC Observation with APO50X Objective
All other kinds of internal or external flaws like inclusion, fracture, pits, etc. can be explored using polarised light.
Ø The Laser OLS5100 Microscope offers a 1750X view which allows us to see deformations as a scratch on the surface of the diamond. To find the roughness information for such surface areas in Nanometer, we will have to use the OLS5100 laser microscope, which employs a 405 nm laser source to scan the sample using confocal technique and capture height resolution 6nm.
1. At 2500 x magnification (Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)
2. Result View: For example, from the below report, it can be concluded that the Roughness value Ra is 20nm. The maximum peak observed is Rp 58 nm, and the maximum valley followed is Rv 49 nm.
Thus, choosing the right analytical method and tool helps in identification of and defects and accurate measurements to exercise precise quality control. (Surface Roughness Observation of a Diamond)
Author- Gyanesh Singh Application Specialist at IR Technology Services Pvt. Ltd Passionate about Microscopy for Micro and Nanostructures. Gyanesh has over 10 years of experience in demonstration and serving application of various techniques to potential clients and enjoys learning new sophisticated scientific technology for Material Science and Life Science.
